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What is the separation of substances into ions that have opposite charges?

  1. Acidification

  2. Ionization

  3. Solution

  4. Surfactant

The correct answer is: Acidification

The correct answer is 'Acidification' because it refers to the process of separating substances into ions that have opposite charges. Acidification specifically involves the creation of ions with opposite charges, which is essential for various chemical reactions and processes. Option B, 'Ionization,' is a process where neutral molecules gain or lose electrons to form charged particles, but it does not necessarily involve the separation of substances into ions with opposite charges. Option C, 'Solution,' refers to a homogenous mixture of two or more substances, where one substance is dissolved in another. This does not specifically involve the separation of substances into ions with opposite charges. Option D, 'Surfactant,' is a compound that lowers the surface tension between two substances, such as oil and water, but it does not directly involve the separation of substances into ions with opposite charges like acidification does.